Residents of Negros Oriental are mostly Filipinos. Others include Chinese, British, American, Algerian, German and others.

The table above provides the 1990 figures of the people residing in the province with their individiual citizenship. A big number of Chinese nationals residing in the province are naturalized Filipino citizens. The same table shows that the second largest number of citizens in the province is Chinese, followed by British then by the Americans. Australians are the least number of nationals living in Negros Oriental.